renewable energy

Your Questions About Renewable Energy Certificates

William asks…

I have a lot of inventive ideas but no money to build a prototype, is there any company/person that can help?

I have all these inventive ideas from renewable energy to engine modifications, but my down fall is finding the right people to work with to bring this ideas to fruition. I don’t have the money to paten it let alone building a prototype. I need a reputable company or an honest individual that wouldn’t take my ideas and dump me. I have attained certificates in Electrical Engineering and Automotive Engineering and in merging these acquired knowledge I ‘ve come up with a lot of ways to make waves in the engineering department. With a couple of belts, gears and shafts a lot of modifications can be made to change the operational features of an engine. So if there is any company that you know of or any individual that would like to get into partnership with me, please contact me via email.

admin answers:

Darlin’, please be careful, there are a lot of sharks in those waters.
Write your idea down send it off in a certified letter to yourself and then hang on to it in case you ever need to prove it in court.
Same for if you do find a partner, send all info in a cert letter and then to a safety deposit box.
People will beat you unconscious for $10 .
Careful when they seem to eager to hear your ideas and give nothing in return

George asks…

Will Renewable Energy Certificates still be around after July 1 2011?

Who generates these certificates?
What do they do? Who receives the benefits of them?
Have the NSW state govt policy changes made them redundant?
Thank you.

admin answers:

You can still study Renewable Energy At my TAFE in Melbourne so i don’t see why it shouldn’t be the same in NSW

sorry that it doesn’t really answer your question.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Jobs

Richard asks…

What kind of degree should I get to become a wind energy researcher?

I want to major in a field that will pretty much guarantee me a research and development job in wind energy. I am not interested in any other forms of alternative energy, so a general renewable energy bachelor’s won’t do. Any help?

admin answers:

But you will still have to include renewable energy in your searches because it is part of the whole gamut of a still wider and unfolding field … And so you will have to include in your searches solar energy and natural resources as well because, after all, the whole purpose of harnessing wind energy is to produce electricity and to support engineering involved in designing and manufacturing wind-availing technologies.

Look to those schools located in the Mid-west and west coast — where the greatest wind forces are located — Kansas, Oklahoma, for example, and California — and find what degree programs they are founding and that are underway.

Thomas asks…

Which candidate has a better plan for renewable energy?

I think this is incredibly important and I am trying to figure out who has a better plan regarding renewable energy.

It seems Obama is more specific about his goals in this area. All I hear from McCain and Palin is about offshore drilling.

What do you think?

admin answers:

McCain is definitely gonna drill, and Palin strengthens that orientation. Given that drilling will not impact our market prices for 10 years and then by negligible amounts. He has paid lip service to a few alternatives, with a small list of solar, geothermal and wind, because those are on every one’s lipsafter thee competitions speeches.

Obama is quite clear that drilling can be considered nothing more than a brief stop gap solution and that we need to turn to as many alternate techniques to answer our energy appetites as we can find. He stresses doing the research to come up with new energy frontiers, and following up on ones that have the least negative impact on theenvironmentt. He is also confident that this line of industry will create many jobs, and will encourage ourpopulationn to be more aware of the consequences of our energy intensive lifestyles.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Companies

Jenny asks…

How do Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) work?

Is it an incentive to use renewable energy?

admin answers:

The basic idea that people who feel bad about something can buy them to get rid of the guilt.

The way that they work is that a very small amount (much less than the subsidies and tax breaks given to politically correct energy) of money goes to those who operate a wind turbine or solar panel (or even methane gas recovery systems at landfills, sometimes things that would have to be built regardless of whether any carbon credits were sold), the amount of money that the carbon offset actually provides is really too small to actually encourage use of politically correct energy, especially when you consider how much bigger the subsidies are (and they really are over-subsidised compared to how much energy they produce).

Of course there are renewable energy credit systems that do actually help, just that they cost so much more that the frauds out compete them (and governments don’t seem too interested in keeping that sector honest, some such schemes are actually run by the government, including some that sell more renewable energy than they actually generate (in other areas of the economy the word used for that is fraud)).

The main purposes that renewable energy credits serve are to act as indulgences and to help fool people into believing that fossil fuels can be replaced without using nuclear power (which thereby prevents fossil fuels from actually being replaced and keeps the coal and oil companies in business).

James asks…

University major in renewable energy social marketing?

I am looking for a university that has something to do with communication, marketing, and basically just telling companies to use renewable energy and which is suitable.
NOTE: I am NOT looking for anything related to engineering and such

What I need:
1. The majors surrounding the renewable energy in social marketing, etc.
2. The best universities in that major on renewable energy

Thank you so much, my future depends on the information!

admin answers:

Information is below.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Content

William asks…

Instead of suspending the gas tax for the summer, what if the FEDs give a tax break for renewable energy?

And take the fed gas tax and put the entire amount toward research for alternative fuels sources. That way there would be funding for research for renewable energy, and rebates for folks who actually save the environment and use less gas. Currently we have no incentive to save gas, other than the pocket book, and as soon as the price of gas goes below $3 everyone will be buying Hummers again.
When demand goes down, so will the price….

admin answers:

Demand for gas is down in the U.S.A. By 17% compared to the same time last year.
In 2006 I carried a petition for just 3 cents of every dollar of the oil producers profit to go to “alternative energy development” and it was defeated by the Oil Producers advertising campaign warning that the cost of gas would jump dramatically if it passed. Well-I knew that it was going to anyways. Without funds to produce alternative energy the Oil Producers are safe to gouge us to their hearts content.
Our tax dollars are in part going to “subsidize” those poor Oil Producers still regardless of their record breaking profits. That money could be better used towards alternative energy. But then Bush doesn’t want to hurt his rich supporters.

Donna asks…

I want to know more about renewable energy in Singapore.?

I am researching on renewable energy.

So far I know Singapore has implemented biomass, solar energy and fuel cells.

The problem that I am facing is that when I search the net for renewable energy, all the information given are not within Singapore region. I need someone to tell me where can I find more information on renewable energy in Singapore.

Do anyone know which companies uses renewable energy? Who can I find to know more about the topic?

Is there any other students doing major project on renewable energy? If yes, email me. I hope to work together to produce good results.

Thanks a Lot!

admin answers:

Not sure if this will help but you can do a search on the Singapore Yahoo search engine: http://sg.yahoo.com/ , Type in ‘renewable energy Singapore’ click on ‘Singapore’ and it should turn up a few websites for you. You can go to the National Environmental Agency (NEA) at http://app.nea.gov.sg/ or visit the Sustainable Energy Association of Singapore (SEAS) at: http://www.seas.org.sg/

Other sites you may wish to check out:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Singapore/Background.html
http://www.serayaenergy.com.sg/energy/generated/SEContent/content/energyinformation/energyeducation.html
http://www.rsi.sg/english/ecowatch/view/20050203215113/1/.html
http://www.sde.nus.edu.sg/MEM/dissertation/4.%20Ong%20Hwee%20Fang%20Amanda.pdf
http://www.nccc.gov.sg/renewables/renewables.shtm

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Group

William asks…

how do I approach companies , to fund my carbon offset projects in southern africa. Our charity is reg in UK?

we want to set up projects in rural areas that use renewable energy

admin answers:

You need a web site that shows your letters of endorsement from existing organizations saying this program is needed, data that demonstrates your target group is in need whatever service it is that you want to provide and that they are not served otherwise, and a draft of what your first year’s budget would look like (what expenses you expect to incur, what you expect to pay staff, etc.). Your web site should also have a profile of those staffing your nonprofit and showing their qualifications for engaging in these type of projects. Once you have all of this, you can let representatives from international NGOs, international corporations, universities and others in the immediate area of where you are located know about this web site and your plans, and ask to meet with them about possible partnerships. Potential donors are best cultivated if you can meet with them face-to-face, and show them transparent accounting and credible data about what you are proposing and why it’s a good investment option for them. And that means looking for donors who are nearest to you geographically-speaking.

Paul asks…

What do you think is the biggest problem in our world?

For me its the fact that most countries are not getting along and there is war. Also I think that the non renewable energy resources are also a big problem.

admin answers:

Humans are animals in a constant state of denial.

Our biggest problem is our xenophobic instinct. It came in very handy when we were living as small bands of apes which competed for food. Killing strangers increased our food supply and also helped us pass on our own genes. Dead apes don’t bear children.

Sadly, our culture has become far more sophisticated than our biology has. Religion is an attempt to force us to live unnatrually as peaceful strangers, but it is just an imperfect fix. Even sadder is how humans use their intellect to pervert this stopgap into just another excuse to kill.

Perhaps it will be our culture which eventually saves us, but at a rather frightening cost. I believe we are now standing on the threshold of a new era where humans will physically begin to merge with their own technology. Genetic engineering and bio physics will probably be the forces which allows humans to live peacefully together, but we will no longer be human.

Those of us who still are will probably be on display in some future zoo. Groups of humans will wander in separate enclosures. Every now and then groups will be allowed to view one another and I suppose the visitors will enjoy watching these apes verbally assalt one another with racial hatred. Male chimpansees have to “go ape” every now and then to maintain their sanity, and I suppose humans are no different.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Definition

Robert asks…

What are some difficulties in achieving sustainable development?

Definition: Sustainable development is a pattern of economic growth in which resource use aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come.

Why is it difficult for humans to achieve sustainable development?

And why?

admin answers:

You clearly haven’t bothered thinking about this at all:

– we don’t recycle 100% of all metals, so any metals you use will not be available for future generations to use. So, by your own definition, you can’t use any metals.

– once coal, oil, or natural gas is burned, it can’t be recycled, so any coal, oil, or natural gas you use to make anything, to transport what you make, or to transport the materials will not be available for future generations. So, by your own definition, you can’t use energy that comes from coal, oil, or natural gas.

You can argue that energy comes from the sun, from wind, or from water is O.K., but you still have to build the power plants to use those energy sources and that isn’t O.K.

Etc.

– there are resources that are theoretically renewable, but we are already cutting down trees faster than they grow back, so wood, lumber, etc. May be theoretically sustainable, but in practice, using them is not sustainable.

The bottom line is that we have too many people using any and all resources at far too great a rate to be sustainable, so anything additional you do is by your own definition, not sustainable.

Http://dieoff.org/page110.htm
http://home.windstream.net/bsundquist1/
http://ourworld.unu.edu/en/agriculture-and-food-systems-unsustainable/

Now you can cheat in many ways: change the definition of sustainable so that it becomes feasible; pretend that advancing technology means that in the future people will be able to do anything with whatever they happen to have left over (isn’t magic wonderful?) so it doesn’t matter what we leave for future generations; etc. Or you can admit that sustainable development is an oxymoron and work toward other goals.

Sandy asks…

What is the definition of Visual Pollution and give some examples on how to prevent it…..?

I’ve been looking for a definition of this for hours!

thank you.

admin answers:

As the saying goes, “beauty is in the eye of the beholder.” Visual pollution is going to have different meanings to different people. Most people would agree that excessive billboards are unattractive, but some may see skyscrapers as ‘visual pollution’ (spoiling the once natural landscape), while others may love viewing their architecture. Wind Farms (large areas covered by many wind mills) would be another example of visual pollution to most people. But then we are faced with the question ‘is it worth it for the renewable energy?’

How to prevent it? Stop building. But that’s just my opinion; some people may not like the looks of trees and fields and prefer building and signs.

Here’s some info. From Wiki:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_pollution

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Group

Maria asks…

What are the different viewpoints on the use of fossil fuels?

Hello, I am struggling to find viewpoints of the following people:

– Environmentalist
– MEDC (More Economically Developed Countries) Governments
– LEDC (Less Economically Developed Countries) Governments
Energy Companies
– Consumers
– Oil Producing Countries
– TNC’s Shell? BP?

Can you please give me a few websites which:
-explains why different groups have opinions on the consumption of fossil fuels
– says whether they think fossil fuels should be used in the future and given reasons why
(considers advantages and disadvantages of using fossil fuels vs renewable energy sources)

admin answers:

Smart: They’re useful, effective and can be used responsibly.

Hypocrisy: You shouldn’t use fossil fuels. I’d like to talk more, but I have to put my family on two different private jets to fly to Hawaii for a 17 mllion dollar taxpayer funded vacation. (You Americans have just gotten soft and lazy.) Electricity prices are going to skyrocket to when I drive coal out of business.

Idiot: We should all ride bicycles and not use any oil at all. (Oh… You mean my clothes, computer and bike tires are made of oil…. Oh.)

Sharon asks…

What is a good Current Event to give a speech on?

So my partner and I are assigned to create a collaborative speech on a current event/ issue. The speech needs to have some kind of debate within to allow group discussion after. For example We were thinking of doing Renewable Energy Sources but we couldnt find anything to argue against it or something,

Thanks for the help!!

admin answers:

With renewable energy source here are so cons: Cost is to high, not enough technology available to make it worthwhile, how long will it take for it to be profitable, and not enough big business is behind to make research worth the effort.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Content

Helen asks…

Is the carbon tax really for preventing climate change?

So here’s what currently baffles me; if climate change is being used as an excuse to implant a new taxation on carbon, why oh why did the Bush administration try to deny its existence for so long?

Surely big oil, which has substantial influence in world governance, would be afraid of carbon taxing, and indeed the ensuing encouragement of renewable energy, over which they would have much less control (read; money). Or will they simply make sure to take over the emerging “renewables” sector too?

admin answers:

No it is not for preventing climate change. 1. We cannot prevent climate change. 2. It is to punish industrial nations and to lower the standard of living around the globe.

Here is a good article that discusses the science behind point 1.

Http://www.nationscrier.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=63%3Aclimate-change-natural-or-man-made&Itemid=62

John asks…

Do business leaders in renewable energy lack vision?

I the panel session at a conference yesterday I asked the chairman of a new bio-diesel plant how he saw the industry developing over the next 30-40 years to take the market share of renewable transport fuels from insignificant to 95%+ to replace fossil fuels when they run out. The response showed no interest at all in expanding beyond a small regional market. Is this a common attribute, or are there visionary business leaders that are thinking big picture and have plans to replace fossil fuels?

admin answers:

30-40 years is to far ahead.
Peak oil will come within this decade.
When that happens, the energy industry will be turned on it’s head.
It’s not impossible that in 20 years, hydrogen fusion will become available.
That would completely upset the apple cart.
In a good way, mind you.

Any alternative source today needs to focus on making a profit in order to not go under.
Once they’ve reached that, then they can look farther ahead.

Also, i’m just not sure about bio-fuel.
I have seen estimates that would indicate that it would be possible to be a significant part of our energy.
But it just doesn’t seem to me that we’d be able to get that energy content from plants, in a reasonable acreage, and still produce the food that we’ll need.

Jet planes will likely need something like that.
Long haul trucks would as well.
Maybe trains in sparsely populated areas of the country.
But i’m not sure about most other transportation.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy For Kids

Laura asks…

What is a good industry to invest in or start a business in?

My goal is to be a multi-billionaire by the time I die. I want to have that much money so I can provide for my kids, grandkids, great-grandkids, etc, and so they have millions or billions of dollars, can get a good education, and so on.

I am thinking going into the oil business or shipping business and possibly starting new businesses in those sectors is not such a bad idea.

admin answers:

Do clean renewable energy start a research company that only researches and/or funds those kinds of projects. Screw the oil assholes they are the problem anyways they have screwed up our world already see the weather changes

James asks…

How familiar are you with using solar electricity to power a residential house?

I was wondering how much the average person knows about using the suns energy to power the average residential home…

Do you know of any countries that already use the sun to power homes?

please tell me where you are from as well please…

thankyou!

admin answers:

Hey 0077, to answer your primary question, I am quite familiar with solar power. We’ve been powering our home from the wind and sun for 11 years now, and for the last 5 or 6 years, we’ve been going into the local schools and doing seminars on the subject. In some cases, the schools have loaded a bus with kids and brought them out to our home to see it first hand. As for your second question, the average homeowner knows about as much about solar power as they do about the furnace in their basement. Unfortunately, this is where the technology has fallen down. Lots of people want to build a new home, and talk to the builder about solar power. Frequently they are told, “Solar doesn’t work,” or, “Solar is prohibitively expensive.” Generally this is all they need to hear, and the panels are taken off the house plan.

Solar is not for everyone, or everyplace. Just because a home has solar panels does not mean they don’t have an electric bill, and that says nothing to the fact that a stand alone solar home that does not have access to utility power has to live with a finite amount of electricity. What do they do on a cloudy week? Most stand alone homes, like ours was, use both wind and solar. The reason for this is that the two compliment each other quite well. In the summer, we have long sunny days, but little wind. In the fall and winter, we have short cloudy days, and high winds. When you have a shortage of one, there is generally a surplus of the other. Trying to decide between the two technologies is like trying to decide between a 3 passenger pickup truck and an 8 passenger van as your sole family car. Each has its advantages, but it probably makes sense for a two car family to have one of each.

There is also the fact that lots of people like to grow their own tomatoes, even if it is cheaper to buy them at the market. They have to learn all about watering, bugs, soil ph and weeding. People who live in a solar powered home have a similar curse, they can tell you just how much sun shined last November, and how much power the stereo uses down to the last watthour. Any self respecting homeowner wouldn’t bother with the solar power, or the tomatoes, they would simply buy vegetables at the store, and electricity from the power company, and then sit home and complain about the price and quality of each. That used to be me, now I’m the other guy.

So no, the average homeowner does not know much about solar power, or furnaces. Most homes have furnaces, not many have solar panels. I wish they had both. In the 11 years we have had both, I can tell you that once solar power is installed, it is generally care free. We are on our third wind turbine here, and even though the last one is working better than the first two, it has had its moments. It has shut down 3 times, and had to be repaired twice. In all that time, my first solar panel has continued to make electricity, and I’ve never turned a screw on it or added a drop of oil. Yet, everyone I talk to about renewable energy wants to learn more about wind turbines it seems. They are neat, they move, they seem to have their own personality. They just require tall towers and routine maintenance. So does a car, and almost everyone has one of those too.

Many countries use solar power, almost all of them in fact, you just never hear about it, or see the panels in service. In the US alone there are over 100,000 homes and businesses using some level of solar power right now to operate at least some of their loads. That number is getting bigger as you read this by the way. I’ll list some sources you can check out below if you want to learn more. Take care 0077, Rudydoo

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy

Betty asks…

why is it important to have renewable energy?

Which types of renewable energy are being utilized in the US and which are in the “design” phase?

admin answers:

One type of renewable energy for cars is the hydrogen fuel cell. Hydrogen is all around us making it easy to get, plus as an added bonus it doesn’t emit any CO2 emissions. The only thing that comes out of the exhaust is water. Honda has released a hydrogen fuel cell car for lease. It’s called the Honda FCX Clarity. There are four problems that need to be overcome with this source of energy. One is to make hydrogen fuel pumps easily available. Two is to make the car travel more than two hundred miles before refueling. Third is to make the Hydrogen more safe to transport. Hydrogen is more combustional than gasoline. And forth is to make the hydrogen cost a less.

Chris asks…

I am looking for renewable energy companies that trade on the stock market?

Does any one know any renewable Energy companies that trade on the stock market. I am having a hard time finding them.
Do you have any idea how I can find any more names?

admin answers:

Yahoo Finance or MSN Money are good and free tools you can use. Just search for ‘renewable energy’ or ‘green’ companies. Good example of one start up that is getting lots of attention is Beacon Corp (BCON).

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Companies

Linda asks…

To get into Renewable energy, what is the best degree for me to study?

Is it better to study ‘Green energy technology’ at Leicester uni, or study an engineering degree, probably electrical eng?
Or if there are any other courses you suggest….? and why?
Or is there any point wanting to go into the renewable energy sector? will we ever actually turn to green energies? or will big oil/gas/nuclear companies rule what we do, and not allow us to move forward in a green way?

admin answers:

If you REALLY want to help out the renewable energy sector, become a top-notch electrical engineer. Then, revolutionize our capacitor technology.

That is one of main things keeping renewables as a second-tier resource. With wind farms and solar stations especially, our present capacitor capabilities will forbid them from ever becoming anything more than an aid. They will NEVER be able to replace all the coal/oil/gas/nuclear… Unless you go out and design us some rockstar capacitors. Inefficient energy storage is the killer.

And those companies don’t “rule what we do.” C’mon now. Look at what renewables are actually capable of with our present technology. They are not a fantastic cure-alls.

Besides, power companies are diversifying their sources more and more everyday. GE and AREVA are huge energy players, and both are integrating renewables into the designs. Our energy sources will have to play nice with each other until our technology progresses further. It’s not all or nothing.

Susan asks…

Geothermal energy is often the great hope of renewable energy as it can be continuously and reliably produced?

Geothermal energy is often the great hope of renewable energy as it can be continuously and reliably produced 24/7. While it it has the best potential, it is very limited geographically. The best geothermal resources are in Alaska and California, and the best potential resources are west of the Rockies. How do we overcome the geographic limitations of geothermal energy?

admin answers:

The simple answer to your question is: ‘dig deeper in the ground.’ There are several companies out there at present that are willing to install geothermal energy suppies into the home. I live in England and I have had pumps installed in my gym. I save hundreds of pounds each year in electricity bills. Unfortunately I can only source my knowledge onto the e-book that I purchased but if you have any more questions about this please email me and I will answer the question to the best of my ability. Hope this helps.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Jobs

Michael asks…

Which Republican Candidate Supports Renewable Energy the Most?

Howdy,

I’m a fan of renewable energy and protecting the environment by use of solar, wind, and hydro power. Which republican candidate that is still in the running supports this idea the most?

Thanks!

admin answers:

None of the GOP candidates support renewable energy as a priority. They all agree we need to locate and drill new gas and oil reserves, even if it means destroying protected areas and poisoning our groundwater and air. Renewable energy is a secondary concern that needs to be researched in the event we run out of nuclear power, gas and oil.

Only our sitting President realizes that sacrifices will have to be made for the good of all and that included mainlining Renewable Energy programs and research.

Youngsters, meaning those who answered this question.

1. There are many types of renewable energy. Solar Power is only one type. Yes China can produce things cheaper than we can and their workers are available 24/7, but renewable energy is easier to produce where it is used. The GOP, including the current Candidates are in bed with the Oil and Gas Companies. Who do think is support their Pacs?

To the other answerers:
1. There are many types of renewable energy. Solar Power is only one type. Yes China can produce things cheaper than we can and there workers are available 24/, but renewable energy is easier and cheaper to produce and supply where it is used.

2. Building the sources and selling renewable energy will create more permanent jobs. The GOP is in bed with the Oil & Gas Companies companies.

3. No matter who is elected as President, you will be free to used any type of energy that is available in your area or that you can supply or build yourself. We live in a democracy.

2. Building the sources and selling renewable energy will create more permanent jobs. The GOP is in bed with the Oil & Gas Companies companies.3

3. No matter who is elected as President, you will be free to use any type of energy that is available in your area or that you can supply or build yourself. We live in a democracy.

Lisa asks…

What can I do with a degree in renewable energy?

Illinois State University has a bachelor’s degree option of Renewable Energy. What can I do with this degree if I pursue it?

admin answers:

It depends on exactly what the degree teaches you, but green energy is in higher and higher demand, and the field is on the verge of exploding. I’d say it’s an excellent degree to get as far as job opportunities after graduation.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Certificates

Lisa asks…

Am able to create Renewable energy certificates?

I recently bought a house that has a solar system installed. It’s one that feeds power into the grid.

Am I able to create REC’s? I stumbled accross some info online today, and so far it seems a confusing mess to me, It did seem to indicate that renewable energy from solar systems allows you to create REC’s which can then be sold.

admin answers:

Yes it’s possible, check this
www.recs.org

Donna asks…

what is Renewable Energy Certificate Programs?

what is Renewable Energy Certificate Programs?

admin answers:

They are programs designed to give you the training needed to pass entry level certification in renewable energy fields.
NAPCEP is on of the best known independent testing bodies, and many companies are available to provide training.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Definition

Ruth asks…

What is energy efficiency? How might we measure it, particularly as it relates to GDP?

What happened to US energy efficiency between 1984 and 2005?

admin answers:

“Energy efficiency definition includes all possible methods, techniques, and principles that could lead to more efficient energy use and help decrease global energy demand”, here’s more info
http://www.renewables-info.com/energy_definitions/energy_efficiency_definition.html

Paul asks…

What’s the difference between Conventional, Conventional Alternatives, and Non-conventional energy alternative?

I’m doing some research and have trouble distinguishing the difference between these three types of energy sources.

So far, I have Conventional energy widely used/practical energy sources like oil, gas and coal. My assumption is that they’re the primary ‘standard’ energy sources the world currently uses for their electricity and power since the industrial revolution.

I’m having trouble with the next two energy sources..

Conventional Alternatives, I put that at energy sources that produce less environmental waste and could be used to replace conventional energy sources. An example would be biofuels being used to replace oil/gas for cars. I guess Nuclear power could go under this energy source as it could be used to replace coal in North America but places like France have 90% of their cities powered by Nuclear – would this mean it’s a conventional energy source for France and a conventional alternative to North America? I don’t know..

As for Non-conventional energy.. I put this at energy sources that produce the least amount of environmental waste but are completely unpractical to implement. My example would be hydrogen powered cars because there is no current infrastructure to support Hydrogen fuel gas stations if consumers were to buy them.

I’m just purely guessing here – please share if you disagree or agree with my definition. Also If anybody knows what category other energy sources like wind, solar, and thermal energy belong to, I’ll be super grateful.

admin answers:

Hey Fud, you have a bit of a mess there with definitions. Let me try to explain some of it. The term, “Conventional Energy,” is basically what you have written already. In most cases, it refers to fossil fuel based energies. You have to be careful with this, I’ll explain. Alternative Energy is any energy source that is used to replace a conventional energy source in order to offset the negative side effects of the conventional source. A simple example of this is switching from coal heat in an older home to natural gas. It is less polluting, more efficient, and costs less. Another example, however, was when coal became an alternative energy source for wood in industrial applications in the last century. So in a way, coal could fit into the category of alternative energy, depending on the context.

Your next one, “Conventional Alternative,” is not something I’ve ever heard thrown around in our circles here. It sounds like the news men who refer to airline pilots as, “Fully Qualified.” Most of the airlines I know do not have any partially qualified ones hanging around, but still that phrase shows up on the news a lot. My guess is that coal alternative I just mentioned might be one of those, a conventional fuel used in an alternative way, but I would just be guessing too. I think Non conventional would be the same as Alternative. Conventional Alternative sounds like Jumbo Shrimp to me.

The phrase you haven’t mentioned is the one that is most common in our circles here, “Renewable Energy.” This refers to any energy source that does not deplete with use, it, “renews itself,” over time, hence the name. Solar, wind, hydro and geothermal are the ones I am familiar with.

If you’re wondering where I’m getting all this, it’s because about 10 years ago we decided to convert our home over to wind and solar power. So our home would fit in the alternative category as well as the renewable category. People that grow their own tomatoes rather than buying them at the market know a great deal about soil ph, watering, sunlight and fertilizer, they have to. People that grow their own electrons instead of buying them from the power company have a similar curse, they want to know where each one comes from and where it’s used. So in the end, you learn a bunch of stuff that you can’t really use anyplace else.

I suspect if you’ve been reading these things in popular periodicals like Popular Science, Home and Garden, or the newspaper, you’re just getting caught up in their vernacular on the subject. If you want to go to the source, I will include some places below you can look for more information. Hope this helps. Good luck, and take care.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy World

Sandra asks…

How much money was made from renewable energy 2011?

I’m trying to see how much money was made from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind.

admin answers:

Thats a good question. Perhaps not as much was made as was spent developing those sources. Renewable energy has been a prevailing issue due to our energy dependence and the high cost of oil. While the high cost of oil makes huge amounts of money for oil companies and OPEC, we will undoubtedly one day have to resort to the use of alternative and renewable energy to power our vehicles along with other modes of transportation as well as heat our homes and generate electricity for households and businesses. My speculation is that we will continue to use light sweet crude until the wells in the middle east run dry and then develop corn ethanol and become the primary exporter of fuel in the world bwahahahaha

Sandy asks…

Which renewable energy source has the greatest net energy yield?

Which renewable energy source has the greatest net energy yield?
A. Solar Energy
B. Hydroelectric
C. Wind
D. Biomass
E. Hydrogen Fuel
F. Geothermal

And please explain why you picked the answer , for example :

F , Geothermal , this is beacuse …….

Thanks , i need the answer+explaination by tonight .

admin answers:

Geothermal As A Green Energy Source
——————————————————————————————————————————————-

Geothermal energy is energy obtained by tapping heat from the earth itself. This comes from magma and the radioactive decay of uranium, thorium, and potassium.

The downside to geothermal energy is the fact that it is expensive to build. On the other hand, because the earth’s crust continuously decays replenishing the heat, it is still a renewable source of energy.

There are three types of geothermal plants around. These are namely dry steam, flash, and binary.

Dry steam plants take steam out of fractures in the ground and use it to directly drive a turbine that spins a generator.

Flash plants take on water at temperatures over 200 °C, out of the ground, and allows it to boil as it rises to the surface then separates the steam phase in steam/water separators which runs the steam through a turbine to generate electricity.

Last, you have binary plants. Here, hot water flows through heat exchangers and that boiling organic fluid is what spins the turbine.

Once power is generated, the condensed steam and remaining geothermal fluid from all three types of plants are injected back into the hot rock to pick up more heat.

Geothermal plants are used operational in different parts of the globe. These are usually located in geologically unstable parts of the planet. You can see some in Chile, Iceland, New Zealand, United States, the Philippines and Italy. At home, two most prominent areas for this are in the Yellowstone basin and in northern California.

If you were to compare the amount of energy collected from geothermal to solar, you still get more from the sun. Despite that, people should still use it since solar energy cannot be harnessed when the clouds block the sun’s rays from reaching the solar panels.

Geothermal energy is a green energy source just like wind, hydropower and biofuel because it is a renewable. By maximizing its potential, we don’t have to worry about the price of oil in the world market when it hit more than $110 a barrel and is now under $40 in the world market.

But that is not the only thing we should be concerned about. We should also do our best to protect the environment given that coal fired and nuclear power plants produce harmful gases and radioactive waste that may cause to people and the surrounding areas.

———————————————————————————————————————————————–

Why Is Hydropower A Green Energy Source?

Why is hydropower a green energy source? It is because we are able to harness electrical power by converting water into electricity.

The use of hydroelectric power or even hydroelectricity dates back to Ancient Greece and China when they installed waterwheels in rapidly flowing rivers to turn millstones and other equipment. Years later, this was used in the New World which is now known as North America to power saws and other equipment.

But the hydroelectric plants of today still use the same basic principles as the historical waterwheel with some variations. The difference is that we use the force of the power to push the turbine which in turn powers a generator thus generating electricity.

To make sure that there is a steady flow of power being produced, a dam has to be built to retain the water. If there is a need for more power, the gates of the dam are opened so water can be released. During non-peak, the gates are closed. To ensure there is water at all times, some dams have a recovery and pumping systems to the water released can be used again.

There are issues with the use of hydroelectricity. Some claim that it poses a problem for fish and aquatic plants on both sides of the dam. Because the flow of water has been altered, the nutrient rich silt which helps crops grow could be affected which is exactly what happened when the Aswan Dam was completed in Egypt.

Lastly, you have ocean thermal energy. Here, you get power based on the different temperatures in the water. For this to work, you need at least 38 degrees Fahrenheit difference between the warmer surface water and the colder deep ocean water. Still in the trial stage, it is used Japan and Hawaii.

Hydropower is a green energy source. It is safe to use and what is even better is that it is renewable.

———————————————————————————————————————————————–

My answer is : Hydro and Geothermal

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy For Kids

Richard asks…

What percentage of our energy production is Renewable?

UK energy that is. And what are we going to be using to reach government plans of 20% by 2020?

admin answers:

It was 5% in 2007 so yes about 6%. Someone in the gov. Ought to have a word with the planners, they are stuck in the 19th century. Whilre they were at it they could find out why we are still paying 17 1/2 % vat (luxury level!) for solar panels, wind turbines, insulation even. Outrageous.

The big idea is offshore wind, but shell just pulled funding for the big one planned off east coast (dogger bank) and the gov. Dont seem keen to put anything up for it.

Microgeneration would be a big part of reaching the target, but that would makke us less dependant on the big comanies and the national grid….. Oh maybe the vat thing (and lack of grants) makes sense….

They want to kid us nuclear is renewable ha! If you greenwash and add in that 20 odd per cent plus the 4% we import from france, we dont seem to be doing too badly……
And as for carbon capture… Dont get me started

Daniel asks…

How are some ways kids can go Green?

This world is an awesome place and we all need to go greener what are some ways kids can help?

admin answers:

I have a HUUUUGE list available at www agua-luna com it’s like 33 pages long and would just spam this whole answer. But here’s a few cut from the list below. If you’d like the entire list feel free to visit www agua-luna com or email me through the site directly and I’ll send you a copy.

Also Agua-Luna com now offers Carbon Offsetting Credits, since our Team of Volunteers is already accomplishing several carbon eliminating projects, we’re now converting the carbon offsets to you. Visit www agua-luna com for a FREE carbon calculator to calculate your carbon footprint for free and more info on carbon credits.

You could also Volunteer with us, planting a tree or working on a Sustainable Renewable Energy Building Project in Mexico with us. Again see www agua-luna com for more info.

I also do some free consulting, there’s more info on the site about that too. Here’s some more ways to help the environment…

Recycle paper, cardboard, newsprint and magazines.
Recycle aluminum cans.
Recycle all batteries.
Recycle and reuse. Roughly 50% of the average person’s trash can be recycled. Don’t forget that hazardous waste like batteries, your printer’s ink cartridges, and cell phones can be recycled too! Find out how and where to recycle in your area. Always buy recycled paper. Just 1 ton of recycled paper saves 17 trees.
Just because your community doesn’t pick up all recyclables on the curb, it doesn’t mean there are not viable alternatives nearby. Check with dry cleaners, supermarkets, manufacturers, your local public works department and civic organizations to find out where recycled goods can be dropped off, at a location near you.
Did you know that just in 1995 alone, recycled toner cartridges kept over 21,000 tons of trash out of landfills? Believe it or not, now you can recycle your printer’s toner cartridges! Every year, Americans throw out enough printer cartridges to stretch from Los Angeles to New York City and back again. Toner cartridges can be recycled, having just as good a performance as an unrecycled cartridge. To recycle your toner cartridges, find a local business that does printer cartridge recycling, or contact the manufacturer of your current toner cartridge and ask about a cartridge recycling program.
Not only should you recycle, but buy products that are recycled. By purchasing these products, you are helping to conserve natural resources, and to protect the environment.
Wash clothes in cold water.
Hot water is unnecessary for most clothes. When needed, use warm water.
Fill your toilet tank.
Put a plastic bottle or two, filled with water and rocks, in your tank to reduce the amount of water used in each flush.
Clean your filters.
Clean the filters of your air-conditioners once a month to improve energy efficiency. While you’re at it, change your car’s filters as recommended in your manual.
Get a low-flow shower head.
Stop at the hardware store on your way home, and get a low-flow shower head. Takes a few minutes to install, and it’ll save gallons of water a day.
Lower your thermostats.
If you use heating, get by with less heat and wear warmer clothes. If you use air-conditioning, get by with less cooling and wear cooler clothes.
If it’s a nice sunny day, hanging clothes only takes a few minutes, and you’re using solar power instead of electricity to do the job. It also makes your clothes last longer.
Turn down your water heater.
Most people have their water heater’s thermostat turned up too high, wasting energy. Turn it down to 130 degrees, saving energy but still hot enough to kill bacteria.
Use CFC light bulbs.
If your light bulb burns out, replace it with a Compact Flourescent bulb (those spiral-looking ones). They’re more expensive, but if you just replace them one at a time, it doesn’t cost much, and the energy savings is great. And as they last longer, over the long run, you’ll save money.
Wash and dry only full loads of laundry and dishes.
Follow your community’s water use restrictions or guidelines.
Install a low-flow shower head.
If you are not looking to change your car just yet there are a number of ways you can be more environmentally friendly and help you save money by conserving fuel.
Lighten your car to reduce weight by not carrying unnecessary items.
Cut your speed and stick to the speed limits
Drive smoothly avoiding heavy accelerating and braking.
When stationary for a long time, switch off the engine.
Closing windows will make the car more efficient by being more aerodynamic. Remove roof bars when not is use also helps.
Make sure your tyres are properly inflated as under inflated tyres cause more resistance.
Where possible, walk, cycle or even use public transport.
If possible lift share to reduce the number of cars on the road.
Try mass transit.
Millions of people use it, and it saves tons of fuel. If you don’t already, give it a try.
Unload your car.
Remove excess weight from your car (such as stuff that might be in the trunk) to reduce the amount of fuel you use.
Walk instead of drive.
You don’t have to do this all the time, but walking the short trip to a store, or to lunch from work, or some other short trip like that, can reduce the amount of fuel you use over the long term, and you shed some fat at the same time. Or at least burn off that morning donut.
Buy a smaller car.
You won’t be able to do this today, probably, but the next time you’re in the market for an automobile, get a smaller and energy-efficient car rather than a big, lumbering one. It’s one of the best things you can do to reduce your fuel consumption.
Inflate your tires.
Many people don’t realize that their tires are under-inflated. Check the recommended pressure for your tires, and fill them up to that pressure. It only takes a few minutes, but it will save you on fuel consumption (a little) and more importantly, make your tires last longer and reduce the rubber that’s worn off your tires.
Get creative with gift-giving. The gift of time, services, or environmentally positive gifts may be more appreciated than disposable goods that are not to the taste or needs of the recipient.
Look into those lifestyle changes you’ve been putting off
Work from home more. Many organisations, when prodded a little, will accept flexible work arrangements where there is no impact to the work that needs to get done.
Use your oven less.
The oven not only uses a lot of energy, it heats up your kitchen, requiring more cooling. Instead, use toaster ovens, crockpots, microwaves, and electric grills when you can. And when you do use your oven, open it less – you lose 25% of the heat every time you open the oven door.
Mend your stuff.
Try not to throw stuff away and buy new stuff if the old stuff can be fixed. Torn clothing? Takes a few minutes to sew up.
Install a water filter.
If you buy a lot of bottled water, use your tap instead. Some places need a filter to make tap water taste drinkable, but they don’t cost much and they can save money, water, and plastic bottles over time.
Unplug appliances.
If you don’t use an appliance several times a day, it’s better to unplug it, as they often use energy even when turned off
Use rechargeable batteries.
Instead of throwing your batteries away all the time, reuse rechargeable batteries. Costs a little more, but cheaper in the long run.
When you’re looking to buy appliances, be sure to research the most energy-efficient ones. They may cost a little more, but they’ll more than make up for that in the long run with lower energy bills.
Buy a smaller home.
The next time you’re home-shopping, instead of buying the McMansion, look for a smaller home that’s big enough to meet your needs comfortably. Reducing the amount of stuff you own is a good way to need less house. It’s cheaper, and requires less energy to heat and cool. And easier to clean at the same time.
Look for energy efficiency.
Use acryllic paint.
Compost.
It’s not hard to set one up (look it up online), and you can save a lot of waste from the landfill and help your garden at the same time
Water grass early in the morning.
Reduces the amount of water you need to keep your grass looking fabulous.
Plant shade trees near your house.
It’ll take awhile before they can make a difference, but shade trees greatly reduce the need to cool a home.
Coat your roof.
This’ll take up an afternoon, but you only have to do it once every few years. And it’ll save you a lot of money and energy in heating and cooling over the long-term, more than making up for the cost of paint.
Avoid fast food.
Instead, eat at home or at a sit-down restaurant. Fast food restaurants are one of the worst polluters of the environment, both in the massive amounts of beef they must raise, in the wasted packaging, and in the energy they use in so many ways. And they’re tremendously unhealthy.
Buy a manual reel mower or electric mower.
If you’re looking for a new lawn mower, and you have a small yard, consider getting a manual one. They’re much advanced from the reel mowers of our grandparents’ generation, much quieter, cheaper, and they save on fuel and pollution. Electric mowers are also quieter and use much less energy.
Clean up.

Hope this helped, feel free to contact me personally if you have any questions if you’d like assistance in making your first self sufficient steps, I’m willing to walk you step by step threw the process. I’ve written several how-to DIY guides available at www agua-luna com on the subject. I also offer online and on-site workshops, seminars and internships to help others help the environment.

Dan Martin
Alterative Energy / Sustainable Consultant, Living 100% on Alternative & Author of How One Simple Yet Incredibly Powerful Resource Is Transforming The Lives of Regular People From All Over The World… In

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Jobs

Lisa asks…

Can you get a job in renewable energy engineering with a civil engineering degree?

Or more generally, are there any engineering degrees which wouldnt qualify me to work in renewable energy engineering?

admin answers:

It depends on which subdivion of civil engineering you are in, structural, construction, environmental, transportation, or hydrology. I think environmental are more related to renewable energy engineering than the others in terms of the stuff people are doing in that discipline. Also, as far as I know there are many graduate programs regarding energy offered within civil engineering department in many universities.

George asks…

what career should I choose to work on builiding science and renewable energy?

Hi I would like to work on building science like install panel solars,wind and you know building science also I want to star a business sell products of renewable energy like solar panels,wind,hydro,etc.

So which career can fit in those jobs? thanks

admin answers:

Good for you! If you like to actually work on and reinvent the renewable technological devices yourself, you should get into electrical engineering in order to understand how everything works in an electrical system and further invent ways to improve it. You always can start a business later one after you have some good working experience with the renewable energy products.

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Your Questions About Sustainable Energy Solutions

Jenny asks…

What would be an energy chain for wind energy?

I basically know the energy chain, but I want to see what other people have to say. When I say energy chain I mean like mechanical-thermal-electrical- etc.

admin answers:

Energy efficiency and renewable energy are said to be the twin pillars of sustainable energy. Some ways in which sustainable energy has been defined are:
“Effectively, the provision of energy such that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. …Sustainable Energy has two key components: renewable energy and energy efficiency.” – Renewable Energy and Efficiency Partnership (British)
“Dynamic harmony between equitable availability of energy-intensive goods and services to all people and the preservation of the earth for future generations.” And, “the solution will lie in finding sustainable energy sources and more efficient means of converting and utilizing energy.”

“Any energy generation, efficiency & conservation source where: Resources are available to enable massive scaling to become a significant portion of energy generation, long term, preferably 100 years..” – Invest, a green technology non-profit organization.
“Energy which is replenishable within a human lifetime and causes no long-term damage to the environment.”

Daniel asks…

What is the solution to global warming if the causes are natural?

If global warming is from natural causes as opposed to human activity, what would be some solutions? Is it any different?

admin answers:

… This may help:

Solutions to Global Warming

Reducing your family’s heat-trapping emissions does not mean forgoing modern conveniences; it means making smart choices and using energy-efficient products, which may require an additional investment up front, but often pay you back in energy savings within a couple of years.
1.The car you drive: the most important personal climate decision.
When you buy your next car, look for the one with the best fuel economy in its class. Each gallon of gas you use is responsible for 25 pounds of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere. Better gas mileage not only reduces global warming, but will also save you thousands of dollars at the pump over the life of the vehicle. Compare the fuel economy of the cars you’re considering and look for new technologies like hybrid engines.
2.Choose clean power. More than half the electricity in the United States comes from polluting coal-fired power plants. And power plants are the single largest source of heat-trapping gas. None of us can live without electricity, but in some states, you can switch to electricity companies that provide 50 to 100 percent renewable energy
3.Look for Energy Star. When it comes time to replace appliances, look for the Energy Star label on new appliances (refrigerators, freezers, furnaces, air conditioners, and water heaters use the most energy). These items may cost a bit more initially, but the energy savings will pay back the extra investment within a couple of years. Household energy savings really can make a difference: If each household in the United States replaced its existing appliances with the most efficient models available, we would save $15 billion in energy costs and eliminate 175 million tons of heat-trapping gases.
4.Unplug a freezer.
One of the quickest ways to reduce your global warming impact is to unplug the extra refrigerator or freezer you rarely use (except when you need it for holidays and parties). This can reduce the typical family’s carbon dioxide emissions by nearly 10 percent.
5.Get a home energy audit.
Take advantage of the free home energy audits offered by many utilities. Simple measures, such as installing a programmable thermostat to replace your old dial unit or sealing and insulating heating and cooling ducts, can each reduce a typical family’s carbon dioxide emissions by about 5 percent.
6.Light bulbs matter.
If every household in the United States replaced one regular light bulb with an energy-saving model, we could reduce global warming pollution by more than 90 billion pounds over the life of the bulbs; the same as taking 6.3 million cars off the road. So, replace your incandescent bulbs with more efficient compact fluorescents, which now come in all shapes and sizes. You’ll be doing your share to cut back on heat-trapping pollution and you’ll save money on your electric bills and light bulbs.
7.Think before you drive.
If you own more than one vehicle, use the less fuel-efficient one only when you can fill it with passengers. Driving a full minivan may be kinder to the environment than two midsize cars. Whenever possible, join a carpool or take mass transit.
8.Buy good wood.
When buying wood products, check for labels that indicate the source of the timber. Supporting forests that are managed in a sustainable fashion makes sense for biodiversity, and it may make sense for the climate too. Forests that are well managed are more likely to store carbon effectively because more trees are left standing and carbon-storing soils are less disturbed.
9.Plant a tree.
You can also make a difference in your own backyard. Get a group in your neighborhood together and contact your local arborist or urban forester about planting trees on private property and public land. In addition to storing carbon, trees planted in and around urban areas and residences can provide much-needed shade in the summer, reducing energy bills and fossil fuel use.
Naturally Occurring Warming
Volcanic Eruptions
Large volcanic eruptions can throw so much dust into the sky that the dust acts as a shield to solar radiation and causes a cooling trend in the atmosphere. You probably can’t remember such an eruption as they are rare and infrequent occurances.
Sunspots
Changes in the Earth’s solar radiation levels can have some impact on the Earth’s climate. Increased solar activity can cause short-term warming cycles on the Earth.
The Wobbly Earth
As the Earth spins, it does not achieve perfect rotation. It actually wobbles slightly, thus alternately exposing the northern and southern latitudes to more and less solar radiation. This wobble in the Earth’s rotation has been causing changes in the temperature of the atmosphere for many millions of years.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy Certificates

Joseph asks…

What kinds of jobs can this renewable energy certificate get me?

The courses that are required are chemistry fundamentals, basic electricity, applied alternative and renewable energy, and technical math 2. It’s a 14 credit program.

admin answers:

Go to http://www.monster.com

Maria asks…

What kind of jobs can this renewable energy certificate get me?

The courses that are required are chemistry fundamentals, basic electricity, applied alternative and renewable energy, and technical math 2. It’s a 14 credit program.
Thanks for the spam. I reported you.

admin answers:

Perhaps as an aide to ——

Agricultural scientists.
Some types of
scientists work to improve agriculture.
Crop scientists study the genetic breeding
and management of field crops. Soil sci-
entists use soil physics, soil chemistry,
and soil microbiology to enhance soil fer-
tility and the growth of plants. Agrono-
mists develop practical applications for
discoveries in plant and soil science to
produce high quality food.
Other scientists
. There are many other
branches of science. Geologists study the
history and composition of our planet, in-
cluding volcanoes and earthquakes.
Oceanographers study the oceans and
their movements. Meteorologists study
the atmosphere, and some make weather
predictions. Astronomers study the uni-
verse, trying to gain knowledge about the
stars, planets, and galaxies.

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Your Questions About Renewable Energy

Joseph asks…

What kind of Engineer deals with coming up with new ways to use renewable energy?

When i say renewable energy i mean like solar power, wind power, hydroelectric power . Is there a certain type of engineer who works in these areas? Where is a good place to go to school for this type of Engineering.

admin answers:

Renewable energy is a specialized area of engineering. There is no engineering degree that focuses solely on renewable energy. The closest ones that I can think of are Chemical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering. The principles of chemical reactions are important in the study of energy. But to design and construct the harnessing devices requires knowledge of mechanical engineering.

Every engineer is taught the basics of every engineering discipline so even Computer Engineers can qualify if they specialize beyond their undergraduate education.

If you live in the Philippines, the best school to go to is of course the University of the Philippines. Among private universities, De La Salle University – Manila is best, followed by MAPUA. Ateneo De Manila’s engineering is handled by the Physics department as I have been told so I would be hesitant towards that school. The University of Sto. Tomas seems to have strong engineering background as well, but I have no certainty about that. In choosing the right school, accreditation of the engineering department and not just the school accreditation is important.

Mark asks…

What would happen to all the existing gasoline automobiles if renewable energy took over?

I’m not saying I’m against renewable energy. I’m just wondering – what would everybody do with their car that runs on regular gas?

admin answers:

I think we are a long way from renewable energy replacing the combustion engine. When I think of renewable energy I think of electricity for houses and businesses. But when we do settle on one or a few technologies to replace the conventional gas engine. I think there will be a transitional period where new cars will have the new technology but we will still have the infrastructure for gas engines, it could take decades to phase out the older cars.

Here in CA we have tougher emissions laws, so if you have an older car you could get an exemption for not passing emissions, it was a program that let just the oldest cars be exempt, then every few years they let a few more years be exempt. Now all the cars that were sold after the date the laws went into effect have to pass smog, if you didn’t buy the car in CA then you will need to get a catalytic converter put on it to pass. Millions of cars are junked each year, when you turn in an old clunker when you buy a new car they are often sold for scrap and they are taken off the road. All that being said, to say that people won’t be forced to convert cars or get rid of them for many many years.

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